Method of and apparatus for driving piles



Jan. 12 1926. 1,569,763

F. J. LITTER METHOD oF AND APPARATUS FOR DRIVING PILES /Riled July 1o, 192s 92M gw ATTORNEY 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. l2 ,'1926. 1,569,763v

F. J. L11-TER METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DRIVING PILES Filed 'July 10. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Ferdz'namll L z'er ATTORNEY Patented dan. 12, 1926.

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To ,all whom. it maii/icouocm. v"Be it known thatI, FERDINAND J. Lumen, acitizen ofthe United States, and varesident of New York city, county of the Bronx, and State 'of New York, United States of America, have' invented certain new anduseful improvements in Methods of and Appaliatus `tor Driving;r Piles, of which the following is a specification.

' This vinvention relates to' methods 'of and apparatusfor driving pilesi i Then piles are diven into a sulraqueous bed, it is very difficult to properly guide and position them. This is particularly true of piles such" as batter pilesy'whicli are rtiven at an angle tothe vertical orto the This invention hasI for its ysalient obiect to provided a rmethod of and apparatus for driving piles and for properly' positioning and guiding piles as they are being driven.

Anothei` object of the invention is to provide amethod of and mea-ns for'driving piles below the surface of water and forproperly positioningnir and guiding the pile as it is being driven.

-Another object of the invention is to provide a method of and apparatus for effectively driving piles to grade or down to the bed surface.V i Further objects of the invention will appear from the following specification taken in connection with the dra-wings, which form a part of this application, and 'in Which- Fig. l is an elevational view illustrating one step in the method and one form of lapparatus'adapted to carry out the method of driving piles, this View Showing` the pile about to be inserted in a socket in the lower end of the hammer.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig'. 1. but showing the pile positioned and held in .position for driving.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig'. 2, but showing the pile partially driven into the bed. 1

Fig. 4 is a view similar'to Fig. 3, but showing the pile and hammer in another position.

Fig.- 5 is an elevational view partly `lorolien -awayand partly in section of the pilelhammer.-

Fig. 6 isa bottom plan view of the strucune Shop? in Fig, ,5;

.. Eiga?? .is-,an elevational view showinf the mannerof 'suspending ythe apparatus. Fig. A8 is atra'nsverse sectional elevation on an enlarged .scale taken -fsubstantiallif' on line-LS-fS-of Figli Fig. '9 is=a-trans-`verse sectional elevation taken'substantiallyfon line Q -Qof 2 angl showing the parts on an enlarged scale, 8.11 s I ig.:10 is ran elevational'vi-'ewof the pile guiding-means taken at right angles to the showing olthis means in Figs. 1 yto 4. 1, Tlie'xmethod of dri-ving piles consists brielivyof holding a pile at a plurality of longitudinally spaced points and dri-ving the pileffwhile it is so held. By this method tli'ep'ile can be driven in any desired direction Aand vcanine properly positioned and retainedy in such position as it is being driven. The-apparatus for 'carrying out the method as lillustrated yincludes an elongated abutment niembe'rtermedin theart a spud This member has guiding means or, as shown, a rail on which a carriage is slidably mounted, the carriage having elements embracing the rail. The carriage in turn hasv slidably mounted thereon a hammer, preferablya pneumatic hammer. This hammer-is provided with a rsocket for receiving the upper end of the'pile and the carria is secured in any suitable manner at a point spaced'from the fupper end thereof to the pile. The pile is thus held or positioned at a plurality of longitudinally spaced points. The-carriage is provided with a-stop for limitino theupward movement of the hamnierY add4 the rail is provided with a stop for limitingi the upward movement of the frame. The/operation yof this structure will be de; scribed after the detailed description thereof. Referring to the drawings, lthe particular form-of apparatus illustrated comprises an elongated timber or sp'ud 2O having a T-rail Ql secured thereto and extending longitudinally thereof substantially throughout the length ofthe spiid'. At the upper end of the TI-rail thereis secured to the spud a stop 22. Afchann'el frame or "carriage 23 has secured thereto a plurality of lugs 24 adapted to embrace the T-rail as vshown in Fig. 8 and guide the channel thereon.

The carriage 23 has secured thereto ad] acent its Lipper end a laterally extending ,Stor 25,-

A hammer 30, preferably of the pneumatic type, -is slidably in ountedpmthe carriage 23 andA has Secured thereto' lugs 3l embracing the edge portions of the channel trame 23. (See Fig..8.) i v The hammer 30.lias formed in its Aloiver end a socket 32 adapted to receive, as shown l-in Figs. 1 to l, the upper end 33 of the Apile upper endv of the spud for bracing the Spud and retaining" it in the desired position.

(See Fig. 71)

Fig. l illustrates the parts in their initial position, the pile 34 being raised to a position in which the upper end 33 thereofvvill be located in the socket 32 of lthe hammer. Fig. 2 illustrates thepile so positioned'and ai'iter the pile has been so located spikes 38, (see Fig. 9), are driven into the pile through lugs 39 carried by a'yolie Ofsecuredto-.the carriage 23." The pile will thus be held by the spikes and-byI the socket ofthe hammer whichpositions the upper *end thereof. Fig. 2 illustrates the parts in the position just described vand'beoreY the pile has been driven. It will be noted thatv in this iigure the carriage 23 engages the stop 22 carried by the spud and the hammer 30 engages tlie stop 25 carried'by the carriage. The cable il from Which the hammer is suspended will, therefore, support the hammer, pile, carriage and Spud and the spud may be positioned in any desired manner depending on the location and direction in which the pile is to be driven.

The apparatus above as follows:

lVhen the spud has been positioned as shown in Fig.' 2. the vcarriage is lowered carrying with it the hammer and pile, the flotation of the timber spud tending to hold the combination plumb and enabling the operator to spot the pile accurately in the desired location. The carriage 4is -then lowered, taking the hammer and pile with it until the pile strikes the ground or bed into which is it to be driven. The hammer is then put into operation thereby driving the pile into the bed. As the 'pile is driven into the bed the spikes 38 will eventually be described operates loosened, when the yoke l0 reaches the position shownv in Fig. 3. The pile can be driven to grade or until its upper end is flush with the surface of the bed into which it is driven and during this operation the pile will be guided by the cap 32 in the hammer.

When the pile has been driven in to. the

desired extent, the hammer can be raised by the cable, and when the. hammer v,- engages the stop 25 of the-carriage, theicar'ria'ge will be raised on the T rail and Will engage the .stop 22. `Then the entire apparatuswill .be raised andicantlien blej located in position to drive the next pile.

From the foregoingvdescription, it will be seen that the pile is positively held and d1- rected While 'it is being driven and because oi the fact that the pile is held at a plurality oi longitudinally spaced :points it canwbe driven in any desired .direction and the'direction can be maintained throughout the driving operation.

Although one particular-'method andonev f specific form of apparatus-have been outlined, it will be understood vthat the method may be changed and changes in the construction aiid in the arrangement 'ofi the various parts of the apparatus may be made Without departing from the spirit or .Scope of the invention, as expressed inV the Vfollowing claims. i i

What I claim is: f ""7 f l. Pile driving A:and guiding' `apparatus comprising an elongated member, a=carriage slidably mounted thereon, a hammer .oarried 'by said carriage and means .for ergaging `and holding lapile at a plurality of longitudinally spaced points'on said pile.

2. Pile driving and guiding apparatus comprising an elongatedmember, `a carriage sli'dably mounted thereon, a; hammer slidl ably carried by said carriage fand means for engaging and holding a pile at a plurality of longitudinally spaced points on said pile.

3. Pile driving and guiding apparatus comprising an elongated member, a carriage slidably mounted tliereon,"a hammerl carried by said carriage and means onisaid hammer and carriage for engaging and'h'old ing a pile at a plurality of longitudinally spaced points on said pile.vl`

4. Pile driving and guiding apparatus comprising a guide rail, a carriage slidably mounted thereon, a hammer on said ear riage and means on the carriage for holding a' pile intermediate its ends.-

5. Pile driving and guiding yapparatus comprising a guide rail, a carriage slidably mounted thereon, alianimer slidably mounted on said carriage and means on :the earriage for holding a pile intermediate itsv ends.

6. Pile driving and guiding appara-tus comprising a guide rail, a carriage slidably mounted thereon, a hammer on said carriage and means on the carriage for temporarily holding a pile intermediate its ends', said hammer having a socket in its lower end vfor receiving the upper end of the pile.

7. 'Pile driving and guiding apparatus comprising a guide rail, a carriage slidably mounted thereon, a hammer on said carriage, m5221115 on the carriage for holding a pile intermediate its ends7 and stop means on the rail for limiting the upward movement of the carriage thereon.

8. Pile driving and guiding apparatus comprising a guide rail, a carriage slidably mounted thereon`r a hammer slidably mounted on said carriage, means on the carriage Jor holding a pile intermediate its ends, and stop means on the carriage for limiting the upward movement of the hammer thereon.

9. Pile driving and guiding apparatus comprising a guide rail, a carriage slidably mounted thereon, a hammer slidably mounted on said carriage, means on the carriage 'lor holding a pile intermediate its ends, stop means on the rail for limiting the upward movement or the carriage thereon, and stop means on the carriage for limiting the upxvard movement of the. hammer thereon.

l0. Pile driving and directing means comprisii'ig a hammer having means engaging and holding the end of a pile and means movahle with the pile for guiding and directing the pile as the pile is driven.

ll. Pile driving and directing means comprising a hammer, a guide and means engaging the guide and secured to the pile for directing the pile as the pile is driven.

1.2. Pile driving and directing mechanism comprising a guide, a hammer slidahle thereon, and means slidable on the guide and secured to the pile for guiding the pile as it is drive-n.

13. Pile driving and directing mechanism comprising a guide, a hammer slidable thereon, and means slidable on the guide and secured to the pile for guiding the pile as it is driven, said hammer having a socket Jfor receiving the upper end of the pile.

14. Pile driving and guiding apparatus comprising a Spud, a guide rail mounted thereon, a carriage slidahle on said rail, means on said carriage for ten'iporarily securing a pile thereto and a hammer slidable on said carriage for driving the pile.

l5. Pile driving and guiding apparatus con'iprising a rail, a carriage slidaloly mount ed thereon, lneans for temporarily securing a pile to the carriage, a hammer slidably mounted on the carriage, stop means at, the upper end of the carriage for limiting the upward movementot' the hammer on the carriage and suspension means connected to the hammer for supporting the hammer, carriage and pile.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 5th day of July, 1923.

FERDINAND J. LITTER. 

